Amashusho yakuwe ku rubuga rwa Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press Office Office Office arashobora kubona imiryango idaharanira inyungu, itangazamakuru, hamwe nabenegihugu munsi ya Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial No Derivatives uruhushya.Ntushobora guhindura amashusho yatanzwe keretse niba yarahinguwe mubunini bukwiye.Inguzanyo igomba gukoreshwa mugihe ukina amashusho;niba itashyizwe kurutonde hepfo, ihuza ishusho na "MIT".
Abashakashatsi bo mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Massachusetts bakoze igikoresho cyoroshye cyo kuvanwa mu mazi gifite uburemere butarenze kg 10 gikuraho ibice n’umunyu kugira ngo bibyare amazi yo kunywa.
Igikoresho gifite ivalisi gifite imbaraga nke ugereranije na charger ya terefone kandi irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nizuba rito rishobora kwimurwa rishobora kugurwa kumurongo kumadorari 50.Ihita itanga amazi yo kunywa arenze ibipimo by’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi.Ikoranabuhanga ryapakiwe mubikoresho-byifashisha-bikoresha kurigusunika buto.
Bitandukanye nabandi bakora amazi yimbere bisaba amazi kunyura muyungurura, iki gikoresho gikoresha amashanyarazi kugirango gikureho ibice byamazi yo kunywa.Gusimbuza Akayunguruzo ntabwo bisabwa, kugabanya cyane ibikenewe byo kubungabunga igihe kirekire.
Ibi birashobora gutuma igice cyoherezwa mu turere twa kure kandi twinshi cyane, nk’abaturage bo ku birwa bito cyangwa mu bwato butwara imizigo yo hanze.Irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu gufasha impunzi zahunze ibiza cyangwa abasirikare bagize uruhare mubikorwa bya gisirikare by'igihe kirekire.
Ati: "Mu byukuri ni indunduro y'urugendo rw'imyaka 10 kuri njye n'ikipe yanjye.Mu myaka yashize twakoraga kuri physics inyuma yuburyo butandukanye bwo kunyaza, ariko dushyira amajyambere yose mumasanduku, kubaka sisitemu no kubikora mu nyanja.Byambereye ingororano cyane kandi ni uburambe kuri njye. "
Khan yifatanije n’umwanditsi wa mbere Jungyo Yoon, Mugenzi wa RLE, Hyukjin J. Kwon, wahoze ari mugenzi w’iposita, Sungku Kang, umunyeshuri w’iposita muri kaminuza y’Amajyaruguru y’Amajyaruguru, hamwe n’ingabo z’Amerika zishinzwe kurwanya ubushobozi (DEVCOM) Eric Braque.Ubushakashatsi bwatangajwe kumurongo mu kinyamakuru Environmental Science & Technology.
Yoon yasobanuye ko ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga byinjira mu bucuruzi bisaba pompe y’umuvuduko ukabije kugira ngo utware amazi binyuze muyungurura, bikaba bigoye kuyigabanya bitabujije ingufu z’ikigo.
Ahubwo, ibikoresho byabo bishingiye ku buhanga bwitwa ion-concentration polarisation (ICP), itsinda rya Khan ryatangiye mu myaka 10 ishize.Aho kuyungurura amazi, inzira ya ICP ikoresha umurima w'amashanyarazi kuri membrane iri hejuru no munsi yinzira y'amazi.Iyo ibice byashizwemo neza cyangwa bibi, harimo molekile yumunyu, bagiteri na virusi, zinyuze muri membrane, zirabyanga.Ibice byashizwemo byerekanwe mumugezi wa kabiri wamazi, amaherezo arasohoka.
Ubu buryo bukuraho ibintu byashonze kandi byahagaritswe, bituma amazi meza anyura mumiyoboro.Kuberako bisaba gusa pompe yumuvuduko muke, ICP ikoresha ingufu nke ugereranije nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga.
Ariko ICP ntabwo buri gihe ikuraho umunyu wose ureremba hagati yumuyoboro.Abashakashatsi rero bashyize mubikorwa inzira ya kabiri yitwa electrodialysis kugirango bakureho ion umunyu usigaye.
Yun na Kang bakoresheje imashini yiga imashini kugirango babone guhuza neza ICP na electrodialysis modules.Uburyo bwiza bwogukora bugizwe nibyiciro bibiri ICP aho amazi anyura muri module esheshatu mugice cya mbere, hanyuma akanyura muri module eshatu mugice cya kabiri, agakurikirwa na electrodialysis.Ibi bigabanya gukoresha ingufu mugihe ukora inzira yo kwisukura.
Yun yabisobanuye agira ati: “Nubwo ari ukuri ko ibice bimwe byashizwemo bishobora gufatwa na ion yo guhanahana amakuru, biramutse bifashwe, dushobora gukuraho byoroshye ibice byashizwemo duhindura gusa polarite y'umuriro w'amashanyarazi.”
Bagabanutse kandi babika modules ya ICP na electrodialysis kugirango bongere ingufu zabo kandi bibemerera guhuza ibice byimuka.Abashakashatsi bakoze igikoresho kubatari inzobere kugirango batangire inzira yo gusiba byikora no gukora isuku hamwe nimwe gusabuto.Iyo umunyu numubare bimaze kugabanuka munsi yurugero runaka, igikoresho kimenyesha abakoresha ko amazi yiteguye kunywa.
Abashakashatsi bakoze kandi porogaramu ya terefone igenzura igikoresho kandi ikanatanga amakuru ku gihe nyacyo ku bijyanye n’ingufu zikoreshwa n’umunyu w’amazi.
Nyuma yubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire hamwe namazi yubunyu butandukanye nubunyu (turbidity), igikoresho cyageragejwe mumurima uri kuri Carson Beach ya Boston.
Yoon na Kwon bashira agasanduku kuri banki bajugunya ibiryo mumazi.Nyuma yigice cyisaha, igikoresho cyuzuyemo igikombe cya plastiki amazi meza yo kunywa.
Ati: "Byaranshimishije cyane kandi biratangaje kubona byaragenze neza no kumurikwa ryambere.Ariko ntekereza ko impamvu nyamukuru yo gutsinda kwacu ari ugukusanya ibyo bintu byose bito twagize mu nzira ”, Khan.
Amazi yavuyemo arenze ubuziranenge bwumuryango w’ubuzima ku isi, kandi kwishyiriraho bigabanya umubare w’ibintu byahagaritswe byibuze inshuro 10.Porotype yabo itanga amazi yo kunywa ku gipimo cya litiro 0.3 mu isaha kandi ikoresha amasaha 20 watt kuri litiro.
Ku bwa Khan, imwe mu mbogamizi zikomeye mu guteza imbere sisitemu igendanwa ni ugukora igikoresho cyihariye umuntu wese ashobora gukoresha.
Yoon yizeye gucuruza ikoranabuhanga binyuze mu gutangira ateganya gushyira ahagaragara kugirango igikoresho kirusheho gukoreshwa n’abakoresha no kuzamura ingufu n’imikorere.
Muri laboratoire, Khan arashaka gushyira mu bikorwa amasomo yakuye mu myaka icumi ishize ku kibazo cy’amazi arenze umwanda, nko kumenya vuba umwanda mu mazi yo kunywa.
Ati: "Mu byukuri ni umushinga ushimishije kandi nishimiye iterambere tumaze kugeraho kugeza ubu, ariko haracyari byinshi byo gukora".
Kurugero, mugihe "iterambere rya sisitemu zigendanwa ukoresheje inzira ya electromembrane ninzira yumwimerere kandi ishimishije yo gukuramo amazi mato mato mato," ingaruka zumwanda, cyane cyane niba amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi, arashobora kongera cyane kubisabwa no kubungabunga ingufu. , Nidal Hilal, Prof. injeniyeri akaba n’umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’amazi cya Abu Dhabi muri kaminuza ya New York, utagize uruhare muri ubwo bushakashatsi.
Yongeyeho ati: “Indi mbogamizi ni ugukoresha ibikoresho bihenze.”Ati: "Bizaba bishimishije kubona sisitemu zisa zikoresha ibikoresho bihendutse."
Ubushakashatsi bwatewe inkunga igice n’ikigo cy’abasirikare cya DEVCOM, Laboratoire ya Abdul Latif Jameel Amazi n’ibiribwa (J-WAFS), Porogaramu y’Ubusabane bwa Kaminuza y’Amajyaruguru y’Amajyaruguru mu Bumenyi bw’ubushakashatsi bw’ubushakashatsi, hamwe n’ikigo cya Ru Institute of Artificial Intelligence.
Abashakashatsi bo muri Laboratwari ya MIT ya Electronics bakoze ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’amazi ashobora gutwara amazi yo mu nyanja amazi meza yo kunywa, nkuko byatangajwe na Ian Mount Fortune.Mount yanditse ko umuhanga mu bushakashatsi Jongyun Khan hamwe n’umunyeshuri urangije Bruce Crawford bashinze Nona Technologies yo kwamamaza ibicuruzwa.
Neil Nell Lewis wo muri CNN avuga ko abashakashatsi bo mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’ikoranabuhanga rya Massachusetts “bakoze igikoresho cyo kureremba ku buntu kigizwe n’ibice byinshi by’imyuka ihumeka igarura ubushyuhe buturutse ku mwuka w’amazi, bikongera imikorere muri rusange.”Lewis yaranditse ati: “Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ishobora gushyirwaho nk'ikibaho kireremba mu nyanja, ikavoma amazi meza ku nkombe, cyangwa igashobora gukorerwa urugo rumwe rukoresha mu kigega cy'amazi.”
Abashakashatsi ba MIT bakoze igikoresho kinini cyo mu ivarisi gishobora kwangirika gishobora guhindura amazi yumunyu amazi yo kunywa kurigusunika buto, raporo Elisaveta M. Brandon wo muri sosiyete yihuta.Brandon yaranditse ati: "Igikoresho gishobora kuba" igikoresho cy'ingenzi ku bantu bo ku birwa bya kure, amato atwara imizigo yo mu nyanja, ndetse n'inkambi z'impunzi zegereye amazi. "
Umunyamakuru wa Motherboard, Audrey Carlton yanditse ko abashakashatsi ba MIT bakoze “igikoresho kitagira akayunguruzo, gashobora kwifashishwa mu gukoresha amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba kugira ngo ahindure uduce twinshi nk'umunyu, bagiteri na virusi.”Ubuke ni ikibazo cyiyongera kuri buri wese kubera kuzamuka kwinyanja.Ntabwo dushaka ejo hazaza heza, ariko turashaka gufasha abantu kubitegura. ”
Igikoresho gishya kigendanwa gikomoka ku mirasire y'izuba cyakozwe n'abashakashatsi ba MIT kirashobora gutanga amazi yo kunywa kurigukoraho buto, nk'uko Tony Ho Tran wo mu kinyamakuru Daily Beast abitangaza.Tran yaranditse ati: "Igikoresho ntabwo gishingiye kuyungurura nk'abakora amazi asanzwe."Ati: “Ahubwo, amashanyarazi akuramo amazi kugira ngo akureho imyunyu ngugu, urugero nk'umunyu.”